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Non-alloy steel, quenchable and temperable in water and oil. Pieces of a particular size with sufficiently transformed structures can be extracted. It is one of the most used steels in Europe.
| EUROPE | ITALY | GERMANY | FRANCE | UK | USA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN 10083-2: 2006 EN 10277-5: 2008 |
(UNI 7845-78) | (DIN 17200-86) | (NF A 35-552-86) | (BS 970 pt.3-96) | ASTM A 29 | ||
| Grade | N° | Werkstoff | N° | ||||
| C45E | 1.1191 | C45 | Ck45 | 1.1191 | XC45 | 080M47 | 1045 |
| C45R | 1.1201 | Cm45 | 1.1201 | ||||
| EUROPE | C | Si | Mn | P/max | S | Cr/max | Mo/max | Ni/max | Cu/max | Al | Pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C45E | 0,42÷0,50 | 0,10÷0,40 | 0,50÷0,80 | 0,025 | ≤ 0,035 | 0,40 | 0,10 | 0,40 | 0,30 | - | - |
| C45R | 0,020÷0,040 | - | - | ||||||||
| C45RPb | 0,020÷0,040 | 0,020÷0,050 | 0,15÷0,30 |
| Size (mm) |
HB max to condition | Quenched and tempered (+QT) | Normalized (+N) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treated to improve shearability (+S) | Soft annealing (+A) | Rp0,2 (MPa) min | Rm (MPa) min | A5 (%) min | Z (%) min | KV (J) min | Rp0,2 (MPa) min | Rm (MPa) min | A5 (%) min | |||
| d≤16 | 255 | 207 | 490 | 700÷850 | 14 | 35 | 15 | 340 | 620 | 14 | ||
| 16<d≤40 | 255 | 207 | 430 | 650÷800 | 16 | 40 | 15 | 305 | 580 | 16 | ||
| 40<d≤100 | 255 | 207 | 370 | 630÷780 | 17 | 45 | 15 | 305 | 580 | 16 | ||
| 100<d≤160 | 255 | 207 | - | - | - | - | - | 275 | 560 | 16 | ||
| 160<d≤250 | 255 | 207 | - | - | - | - | - | 275 | 560 | 16 | ||
| Size (mm) |
Rolled+Turned (+SH) | Quenched+Tempered+Turned (+QT +SH)* | Quenched+Tempered+Cold Drawn (+QT +C) | Cold Drawn (+C) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hardness HB | Rm (MPa) | Rp0,2 (MPa) min | Rm (MPa) min | A5 (%) min | KV (J) min | Rp0,2 (MPa) min | Rm (MPa) | A5 (%) min | Rp0,2 (MPa) min |
Rm (MPa) | A5 (%) min | ||
| 5≤d≤10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 595 | 850÷1050 | 8 | 565 | 750÷1050 | 5 | |
| 10<d≤16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 565 | 800÷1010 | 8 | 500 | 710÷1030 | 6 | |
| 16<d≤40 | 172÷241 | 580÷820 | 430 | 650÷800 | 16 | 25 | 525 | 700÷900 | 9 | 410 | 650÷1000 | 7 | |
| 40<d≤63 | 172÷241 | 580÷820 | 370 | 630÷780 | 17 | 25 | 455 | 650÷850 | 10 | 360 | 630÷900 | 8 | |
| 63<d≤100 | 172÷241 | 580÷820 | 370 | 630÷780 | 17 | 25 | 455 | 650÷850 | 11 | 310 | 580÷850 | 8 | |
*This values are valid also for Cold Drawn - Quenched + Tempered Condition (+C +QT)
For size <5 mm the mechanical properties may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order
| Operation | °C |
|---|---|
| Hot forgings deformation | 850÷1150 |
| Normalizing | 850÷890 |
| Soft annealing | 650÷700 |
| Quenching in oil or water | 830÷870 |
| Tempering | 550÷660 |
| Limits of range | Hardness HRC at a distance from quenched end of test pieces (mm) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |||||||
| +H | Max | 62 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 57 | 51 | 44 | 37 | 34 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | |||||
| Min | 55 | 51 | 37 | 30 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | - | - | - | ||||||
